A chart of colours presented on individual rectangles

CCP: Daksha Patel at Rothamsted Research

Daksha Patel is one of the artists involved in the Creative Collaborative Placement scheme with the LUNZ Hub. Daksha is liaising with the Rothamsted Research institute, following a line of enquiry beginning with a focus on supporting agroecosystem transitions in the context of a changing world.

In this blog, Daksha shares her experience at Rothamsted Research, her engagement with the institution’s ‘Farm Platform’, activities with staff, and emergent insights and questions. (To find out more about Daksha and her placement overview, visit this blog here).

Visiting Rothamsted Research Farm Platform

My visit to Rothamsted Research, North Wyke, was pivotal in understanding the vast scope of the work at the world’s most instrumented ‘farm platform’. It is part farm (arable and livestock), part science living laboratory, and part data collection. I was surprised and delighted to find that the team is very international, which was unexpected in a rural setting near Dartmoor.

The work at Rothamsted Research broadly consists of testing, experimenting and measuring the impact of different farming practices upon climate change, biodiversity, soil health, emissions to water and air, and food production. Ultimately, their research feeds into developing farming policies within the wider economic, political, environmental and social contexts of the UK: important work given the impact of farming on the environment.

Insruments in a field; these are used in monitoring weather

Learning In Place

My first day was spent looking around the different experimental sites with science technician Chris Powe whilst capturing some drone footage – this was the perfect introduction. I was shown the biomass plots, the weather station, farm buildings, livestock and crops. Each field on the instrumented North Wyke Farm Platform has an array of sensors; some measuring the water quality of the run-off, others collecting the levels of greenhouse gases emitted from the fields or data about soil moisture content. Samples of soil and water are collected regularly; drone footage is used to measure the growth rate of different crops.

A scientist wearing a white coat and pouring a liquid into a glass container

The scientists at Rothamsted Research North Wyke are working on a variety of different research questions. Prior to my visit, I spoke online to a few and subsequently explored how I could bring key ideas from our discussions into a creative workshop during my visit.

It struck me that everyone at Rothamsted Research
is asking different questions about farming practice
– often really complex multi-layered questions
with no easy answers.

It struck me that everyone at Rothamsted Research is asking different questions about farming practice – often really complex multi-layered questions with no easy answers. The notion of questioning became the catalyst for the creation of my first artworks – a series of ten digital prints. The use of text in conceptual art is often associated with social and political commentary, and this format seemed appropriate for this work. The questions were deliberated over time, and I think of the artworks as ‘print provocations’ because they are a stimulus for discussions, rather than questions that can easily be answered. They are open questions which are interrelated – they probe and enquire without fixed parameters and they enquire about the senses as well as the brain. The prints merge text with images of Rothamsted Research that have been edited to create a highly pixellated and colourful data visualization aesthetic to refer to data collection and modelling processes.

Posters laying text over a background of visualised data

The questions are open questions which are interrelated – they probe and enquire without fixed parameters and they enquire about the senses as well as the brain. 

A canteen area with chairs, tables, and posters on the wall

Questions as Starting Points: the ‘Adaptations’ Workshop

The prints were installed in the canteen at Rothamsted Research North Wyke with QR codes to enable all staff to add their responses online. The questions became a starting point for a workshop. In my practice, a creative workshop often comprises some key elements – it brings people together in a playful and reflective way, there is energy and movement, and of course a creative activity. A workshop is less focused on teaching people ‘how to paint’ and more on the dynamics of a group coming together. This was particularly important at Rothamsted Research because I had learnt that they don’t often have an opportunity to do this.

The workshop was titled ‘Adaptations’ and began with a quick-fire writing activity in response to the print provocations. We had some wonderful responses such as: ‘Good farmers are engineers and polymaths, they know loads of stuff about a range of disciplines’ and ‘Healthy soil is like chocolate cake – dark, full of life, smells good, structured, aerated.’ A group discussion naturally followed this, with some really interesting thoughts upon what gets lost in translation from science to policy.

… some really interesting thoughts upon
what gets lost in translation from science to policy.

People leaning over a table and writing on a large sheet of paper in a workshop setting

Next, I asked participants to choose an object from a selection of vegetables, fruit and cereals grown in the UK and some toy farmyard animals. They were asked to write a short text from the position of their object by telling humans what they needed to thrive. This darkly humorous piece is written from the position of an onion: ‘If you see it from my perspective, things are pretty dark & gloomy. Not just because I am mostly underground with the soil, but because you always choose to exploit the system for your own personal gain. Even if you think it’s for others, it’s always your choice. I am rooted in this earth. I am reaching for sunshine and growth. I am a big fat acidic layered being, and I don’t want to be ripped from my home and put in a korma, which inevitably ends up in the bin.’

Lastly, we looked at some photographs of species of flora and fauna that are disappearing from the UK landscape as a result of farming practices. We explored if their loss deprives the natural world of a spectrum of colours (this article makes interesting reading). Next, I demonstrated how to create colour samples using pastels by isolating sections of photographs. I often find that the richest conversations happen when people are immersed in a creative activity. There was a lovely buzz in the room as people settled into mixing their chosen colours.

I often find that the richest conversations happen
when people are immersed in a creative activity.

A mix of writing an objects laid on paper, with grasses and seeds

Prior to the workshop, a few scientists expressed a desire for the print questions to be clearly and empirically answerable. By the end, the conversations reflected a higher tolerance for ambiguity and multi-layered answers. Given the complexity and interconnected nature of their research, ambiguity and flux are inevitably part of the systems they are measuring. Artistic practice typically has a high tolerance of ambiguity, and this is perhaps the most valuable thing an artist can bring to this environment.

A chart of colours presented on individual rectangles

In Daksha’s next blog she will talk about her visit to a farm in Dartmoor.

For more about Daksha’s placement focus, visit this blog.

LUNZ Hub Films: issues of Land Use

What might farmers and other land users and land managers do in the quest to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase their sequestration of carbon? This is a pressing question. It’s nested within many actions spanning policy, practice, supply chains and consumer choices that will be required for the UK’s land use sector – and there certainly isn’t a one-size-fits-all answer. One of the many groups that is looking at this challenge is the Land Use for Net Zero, Nature and People (LUNZ) Hub – and recent films have been created as part of the PLACE Collective’s involvement with the LUNZ Hub consortium.

“There’s the stereotype that farmers are old boys with their trousers tied up with baler twine, but actually that’s not really the agricultural industry we’re seeing anymore. I think for young people it’s starting to look a really exciting place, and something that you want to get involved with.”

Martha Hayes, farmer, Lincolnshire

What land use change is needed … and how do we get there?

To kickstart discussions at the recent LUNZ Hub ‘Big Tent’ event in Edinburgh, where almost 100 people from practice, research and policy met to discuss challenges and opportunities around land use change, Rob Fraser created two short films. The films demonstrate a diversity of land use, land types, governance and policy in the four nations, and share some passionate calls to action from seven individuals.

The film-making journey took Rob around the UK, with Harriet Fraser (also from the PLACE Collective) conducting the interviews – asking each person the same set of questions.

The reason for optimism is that the changes that are necessary are actually positive: positive for the farming businesses and positive for the world in which we live.

Andrew Barbour, famer

The Frasers went to the flat lands of Lincolnshire, where they met arable and beef farmer Martha Hayes; and to windswept peatlands and intimate valleys of Wales, to meet hill farmer Lisa Roberts. They spent time among rolling fields of Northern Ireland, where they met dairy farmer Hugh Harbison; and visited the small mixed farm of Flavian Obiero in southern England. In Scotland, the Frasers visited Andrew Barbour on his organic hill farm, which embraces woodlands, moorland and mixed-use land; they wandered through old and new woodlands with Balbeg Estate owner Andrew Sinclair; and chatted among cucumbers and tomatoes on an Edinburgh city farm with Land Workers Alliance Scotland Policy and Campaigns Coordinator Tara Wight.

“This is maybe not what you want to hear, but it’s not really financially worthwhile for us to go down the road of trying to get to net zero…. nobody’s going to pay us to be net zero. People pay us to produce really good quality milk.”

Hugh Harbison, Aghadowey, Northern Ireland

A man and woman talk while a camera is filming. There are cows in the image, in a grassy field.

Hugh Harbison

Common Threads

The films reveal different views about change, opportunities and challenges: and many commonalities too, including experiences of unpredictable, volatile weather and uncertainty around policies and markets.  They share calls for more joined-up thinking among decision-makers, greater recognition of effective low-tech solutions, reform in land ownership, more trust in farmers, food sovereignty, and greater clarity about ‘net zero’ as well as carbon auditing and soil testing – among other things.

The interviewees discuss experiences of positive measures, including using Lidar scanning and soil testing to better understand a farm’s ability to store carbon, planting hedges and trees, changing grazing patterns and supporting resilient communities – and an enthusiasm for increasing understanding, skills and community efforts that can help in the move towards net zero.

“One of the things that brings me joy through working with the Landworkers Alliance is getting to see the work that our members are doing. They are literally growing beautiful things, producing delicious food, creating amazing habitats.”

Tara Wight, Scotland Policy and Campaigns Coordinator and Research Coordinator, Landworkers Alliance

a Woman in a yellow shirt stands in a polytunnel; the image is a still from a film

Tara Wight

“It’s a challenge to select short excerpts from seven incredibly rich conversations,” says Rob. “And of course the conversations during each visit extended beyond the formal interview. I’ve tried to include the wider context by sharing footage from each person’s location. Everyone has been extremely generous with their time – there’s no better way to learn about a patch of land than to walk it with someone who knows it well, cares for it, and has a vision for its future.”

A man sits on a hay stack

Favian Obiero

The pressure is on for the Land Use sector to build on existing good practice and scale up transformative changes to contribute to the UK’s target of reaching net zero by 2050. But the focus is not exclusively on carbon or net zero. The voices in the films show that carbon sequestration is in an inseparable relationship with nature and people: and there’s emphasis that actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase sequestration need to be integrated with actions that improve habitats and connectivity in the landscape for wildlife to thrive, and will also support land use businesses, not just for the provision of food but also as foundations for rural communities.

“When you’re trying to get to net zero, you can’t do it in little silos. You can’t just look at farming, you’ve got to look at the whole food system. You’ve got to look at what the land can produce and therefore what should be supported in a sustainable fashion … You should stop trying to produce foods that are damaging to the world that we live in – simple as that. And just because it can be done, doesn’t mean that it should be done.”

Andrew Barbour, Fincastle, Scotland

Two people stand beside some trees, with a stand of trees behind them

Andrew Sinclair

The two films aim to highlight experiences of change among land users and provoke further discussions about finding ways forwards that are positive for nature, people, and the target of net zero. Their first showing at the Edinburgh event did just this; following on from a speech by Professor Mathew Williams, Chief Scientific Adviser (CSA) Environment, Natural Resources and Agriculture for Scottish Government outlining the link between science and policy, the views shared in these films spurred on some lively conversations in breakout sessions.

There’s an ambition to create more films to bring in a wider range perspectives, to feature other land managers, specialists in conservation and forestry, scientists, community movers and shakers, and those involved in shaping governance and policy. Watch this space!

A man is facing forwards, speaking to camera: the camera in the foreground, and the interviewer with a blue hat

Andrew Barbour

The PLACE Collective and the LUNZ Hub

The PLACE Collective is one of the consortium members of the UK-wide Land Use for Net Zero, Nature and People Hub (or LUNZ Hub for short) – an innovative research initiative whose focus is to bring people together and help drive the transformation of UK land use needed to achieve net zero by 2050. It aims to equip UK policy-makers, industry, civil society and communities with the evidence they need to drive transformational change in land use – and understand and present pathways of change, so that it’s not just about theory, but about practice.

Over the next few years, in collaboration with other members of the hub, PLACE Collective artists will be devising and delivering a suite of creative practices, interventions and presentations, to suit specific purposes, and, importantly, to open up questions and challenge preconceptions.

A fuller version of this article was first published on the LUNZ Hub website here.

For more films related to the LUNZ Hub, check out their YouTube page here: https://www.youtube.com/@LUNZHub

Martha Hayes

Featured on the films, in running order:

Huge thanks to the seven people who generously shared time with us and showed us around their places; and to the team in Wales who helped with accurate translations.

Andrew Sinclair, owner, Belbeg Estate, Ayrshire, Scotland

Martha Hayes, arable farmer, Lincolnshire, England

Hugh Harbison, dairy farmer, Aghadowey, Northern Ireland

Tara Wright, Scotland Policy and Campaigns Coordinator and Research Coordinator, Landworkers Alliance

Flavian Obiero, farmer, Hampshire, England

Lisa Roberts, farmer, Dovey Valley, Wales

Andrew Barbour, farmer, Fincastle, Pitlochry, Scotland

A woman speaks while standing in a field, with trees and a hill behind her

Lisa Roberts